1 1 1 0

Leveraging Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) data for better Protection, Automation and Control Systems (PACS), PS1 SC B5 colloquium Tromsø, Norway

30 September 2019

The Preferential Subject No.1 of the CIGRE SC B5 2019 colloquium in Tromso, Norway, was entitled “Leveraging PMU data for better Protection, Automation and Control Systems”. A total of 28 papers by authors from 11 different countries, were received for this Preferential Subject. 8 topics were proposed for a more focused discussion, 12 questions were raised and 29 contributions from 7 countries were submitted.

 

Leveraging Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) data for better Protection, Automation and Control Systems (PACS), PS1 SC B5 colloquium Tromsø, Norway

 

The main benefit to use PMU Fault Disturbance Type Identification and Location is that information would be available immediately for the entire system. The topic is very relevant and is attracting attention of both transmission and distribution segments throughout the world.

 

With the improvement of telecommunication infrastructure, special protection schemes (SPS) using PMU data are being applied for several purposes such as controlling certain islanding conditions and avoiding blackouts, in current protection schemes, and in controlling the damping of electromechanical oscillations. Wide Area Protection and Control System can be used to minimize the risk of blackouts using PMU frequency and angle difference to reflect steady state loading.

 

Large scale deployment of PMU measurement systems, New Research and Techniques with PMU Applications are beginning to be explored, with a wide variety of possibilities. PMUs have great potential for grid operations, and perhaps greater potential at feeder levels, given DERs and volt/var applications. This has influenced new engineers, research and development institutes and companies in general to create new solutions using PMU data applied to the real time scenario, in order to get better observability, controllability and reliability of the power system.

 

The evolution of digital signal processing technology, associated with new complex and robust applications, many of them being applied already in real time, PMU Calibration and Real Time Simulation, reflects the tests of approval, validation and acceptance. PMU phase calibration optimization algorithm to verify frequency error was one of the suggested methods. In addition, a Control Centre Phasor Measurement System project is in operation related to this topic.

Evolution and penetration of the PMU technology in the control centers around the world, the strategies of large-scale control application and the situational awareness of the operators in the control center room has propitiated a new era in relation to the Wide Area Control and Situational Awareness..

 

Related to the possibility of having PMU data in real time, it becomes possible to monitor the conditions of the equipment more efficiently. With high data acquisition rates, which can reach a rate up to 200 frames/s, or greater in the future, representing data reception intervals in the PDC of less than 5 ms, several applications, in the perspective of Adaptive Protection Schemes, become possible, improving the applications already present and in operation.

 

With the acquisition of PMU data in real time, Parameter Identification, Monitoring and Model Validation can be used to carry out the monitoring of the equipment operation conditions, such as transformer load-curve, check, overload, etc. Considering PMU installed on both terminals of a transmission line, it is possible to estimate, with good precision, the line parameters, positive and zero sequence component, and thereby maximize the power transfer through the transmission line (corridor).

 

PMU Optimal Placement in an electrical system has as main objective to increase its observability. Some studies have shown that when system parameters are known accurately, it is necessary to install PMU between 1/4 and 1/3 in relation to the number of busbars in the network to ensure full observability. The best algorithms applied to the optimal allocation solution need to verify all the possible solutions for a given system model, and heuristic methods are applied to balance the computation time for the optimal and feasible solution. Therefore, it is a very important task in a project to optimize the PMU allocation already in its initial project implementation plan, especially considering its scalability in the future.

 

The development and application of PMU technology can be summarized as:

  • A lot of experimentations–some deployment;
  • The complexity of algorithm development depends on the application philosophy;
  • Because the maturity of algorithm development as rapidly grown in recent years,its deployment can now start in a safe ;
  • PMU technology has reached a certain maturity level and its application in the control center is a reality around the world
  • Application in secure environments is increasing with tendency to use in real time scenario

 

Contacts for interested professionals are:

Rannveig S. J. Loken (NO) (Rannveig.loken@statnett.no), SC B5 Chair and

Rafael de Oliveira Fernandes (BR) (rafael.fernandes@ons.org.br), Special reporter PS1

 

GO BACK